Modeling: This is where the foundation is built by creating 3D digital models of objects, characters, or environments. Software allows manipulation of these models through points, edges, and polygons in a virtual space. 

Texturing: Once the models are built, they are given visual details like color, texture, and surface properties. This step breathes life into the models, making them appear more realistic. 

Rigging: Rigging involves adding a virtual skeleton to the characters to make them move in a more natural way. This can be done manually or using automated tools.

Lighting & Shading: Lighting plays a crucial role in achieving realism in CGI. Artists carefully place and adjust virtual lights to define shadows, highlights, and reflections, creating a believable atmosphere.  

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